Pregnant women are susceptible to various complaints and health problems during pregnancy. One of them is placental disorders in pregnant women. Then how dangerous is it for pregnant women who have placental disorders?
The placenta is a temporary organ that develops in the uterus during pregnancy. The placenta has begun to form in the uterus early in pregnancy. According to dr. Yusuf SpOG (K). Onk as a consultant to MAKUKU Indonesia's obstetrician specialist, the placenta functions to circulate oxygenated blood from the mother to the fetus and vice versa. The function of the placenta also serves as a provider of nutrition for the fetus, protects the fetus from bacterial infections and plays a role in producing hormones.
Normally, the placenta forms and develops where the fertilized egg attaches to the uterine wall. But unfortunately, sometimes the placenta grows in the wrong place. Considering that the placenta plays an important role in smooth pregnancy, pregnant women must know what placental disorders are like what dr. Yusuf said during a MAKUKU Whatsapp (Kulwap) Lecture with Orami on August 25, 2022:
Placental abruption
Placental abruption is a condition where the placenta is completely or partially shed from the uterine wall, which occurs before delivery arrives. This condition causes the interruption of the availability of nutrients and oxygen for the baby. Signs of a pregnant woman experiencing placental abruption are the detachment of the placenta and bleeding in the vagina because the placenta is released in the uterus.
Placental abruption usually occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy or after 20 weeks. If the placenta is separated in the uterus before 20 weeks of gestation, it is defined as an abortion or miscarriage. Symptoms include vaginal bleeding, contractions or abdominal cramps in pregnant women. In some cases, this condition can also cause premature labor.
Placenta previa
Placenta previa is a pregnancy condition in which the placenta partially or completely covers the cervix.
Partial
placenta Partial placenta is a condition where the placenta partially covers the birth canal.
placenta previa
A condition in which the placenta completely covers the birth canal. This condition can cause severe vaginal bleeding before delivery.
Retention of the placenta
In the process of delivery, normally within 30 minutes after the baby is born the placenta will also be removed from the uterus. A maximum of the placenta should be expelled 30 minutes after delivery of the baby. in some cases, the placenta cannot be delivered spontaneously after the baby is born.
The placenta is called compressed if this organ is still attached to the uterine wall and is trapped behind the half-closed cervix, up to 30 minutes or an hour after delivery. In this situation, Dr. Yusuf explained that the doctor or midwife would treat this retained placenta with the manual method of the placenta. The trick, by inserting a hand into the uterus to welcome the placenta and slowly expelled. If not treated immediately, retained placenta can make the mother lose a lot of blood which can be life threatening.
Placental Insufficiency Placental
insufficiency is a placenta that is not fully developed or damaged (placental insufficiency) and is a serious complication of pregnancy. This condition can be caused by insufficient blood flow from the mother during pregnancy.
An underdeveloped placenta causes the fetus to also not develop, resulting in congenital abnormalities or birth defects, premature labor and low birth weight. The causes of placental insufficiency are anemia, diabetes, hypertension, smoking habits, side effects of drugs and blood clotting disorders in the mother.
The risk factors that make all of these placental abnormalities increase are as follows:
- High blood pressure
- Diabetes mellitus
- Pregnant over the age of 40
- Premature rupture of membranes before delivery
- Blood clotting disorders
- Containing twins
- Using drugs
- Having undergone medical procedures in the uterus
- Ever had an injury to the abdomen, such as a fall or tummy tuck
- Have you ever had a placental disorder in a previous pregnancy
When should you see a doctor?
Placental disorders can trigger complications in pregnancy. If you experience symptoms of placental disorders such as abdominal pain, unbearable back pain, vaginal bleeding and continuous uterine contractions before delivery, don't hesitate to get these conditions checked. Getting the right treatment and fast can help reduce the risk of pregnancy complications.
There are several things that can and should not be done in pregnant women with placental disorders. Dr. Yusuf advised pregnant women to get enough rest. Avoid overexertion or exercise. Sleep in a lying position on your side and see a doctor immediately if symptoms appear. In addition, pregnant women are not advised to take over-the-counter drugs or herbs without consulting a doctor. Smoking or drinking alcohol, giving birth in a midwife and having sex especially in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters.
Now, after knowing how important the placenta is for pregnancy and what placental disorders are, mom and dad must always monitor the growth and development of the fetus. Moreover, placental abnormalities can also be detected through ultrasound. So, mom and dad can routinely check the condition of their pregnancy to the obstetrician. (Aq/MKK)
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