A child is always likened to a white paper or blank canvas. Whatever the parents inscribe will determine the behavior and attitude of children in the future. That is why it is important to cultivate love and provide the best care from the womb, early childhood, and adolescence to children. parenting style greatly affects the development of children.
Moms and dads themselves, do you already have which parenting style you choose in parenting your little one? Because 3 types of parenting patterns may not be known by many people. Let's discuss more here.
3 Types of Parenting
Parenting plays an important role in a child's development. In general, three types of parenting are widely discussed in child development psychology: authoritarian parenting, permissive parenting, and authoritative parenting. Each type of parenting has different characteristics and impacts on children's development. Here's a detailed explanation of each parenting style:
1. Authoritarian Parenting
Authoritarian parenting is one of the parenting styles where parents apply very strict controls and tend to demand uncompromising compliance from their children. In this parenting style, parents set firm rules and high expectations, often without allowing room for discussion or input from the child. Here are the characteristics and effects of authoritarian parenting:
Characteristics:
- High Control, Low Affection: Parents with authoritarian parenting tend to apply strict rules and expect unqualified compliance. They use punishment as the main tool to control the child's behavior.
- One-Sided Communication: Communication is usually one-way, from parent to child. Children's opinions and feelings are rarely considered important.
- High Expectations: Authoritarian parents have high expectations of their children in terms of academic achievement and behavior.
Impact on Children:
- Children of authoritarian parents tend to have low self-esteem and poor social skills.
- They may exhibit aggressive behavior or become very submissive and dependent on authority.
- These children often do not learn how to make their own decisions as they are always directed by their parents.
2. Permissive Parenting
Permissive parenting is one of the parenting styles where parents tend to be very relaxed and less demanding towards their children. In this parenting style, parents show high affection but set few or no clear rules and boundaries. They are more like friends than authority figures to their children. Here are the characteristics and effects of permissive parenting:
Characteristics:
- Low Control, High Affection: Permissive parents tend to give their children wide freedom and rarely set strict limits or rules. They are very responsive to the needs and wants of the child.
- Open Communication: There is open communication between parents and children, but it is often more about fulfilling the child's wishes than giving clear directions.
- Few Demands: Permissive parents rarely demand compliance or discipline from their children.
Impact on Children:
- Children of permissive parents may have difficulty in self-regulation and respecting boundaries.
- They could exhibit impulsive behavior and lack of responsibility.
- These children may struggle in situations that require discipline and independence.
3. Democratic Parenting
Democratic parenting, often referred to as authoritative parenting, is a parenting style where parents combine control and supervision with a high level of affection and support. Parents with this parenting style set clear rules and expectations, but also listen to and value their children's opinions and feelings. Here are the characteristics and effects of democratic parenting:
Characteristics:
- Reasonable Control, High Affection: Authoritative parents set clear rules and expectations, but are also supportive and responsive to the child's needs. They use consistent and fair discipline.
- Two-Way Communication: Authoritative parents encourage open communication and listen to the child's views. They value the child's opinion and use it in decision-making.
- Realistic Expectations and Self-development Support: Authoritative parents have realistic expectations of their children and provide support to achieve those goals.
Impact on Children:
- Children of democratic parents tend to have high self-esteem and good social skills.
- They are usually independent, able to make their own decisions, and have good self-regulation skills.
- These children show better academic performance and have positive relationships with peers.
Democratic or authoritative parenting is generally considered to be the most balanced and beneficial approach to child development. The combination of appropriate control and affection helps children develop into individuals who are independent, responsible and have good social skills.
However, it is important to determine the parenting of parents to customize their approach according to the unique needs and situation of their child to achieve optimal results. So, the success of character building in children depends on parental role models. (Aq/MKK)
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